2026年中考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题02 冠词和代词
考点一 冠词
1．不定冠词a/an的用法（a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an 用于元音音素开头的词前。
注意：区别元/辅音字母和元/辅音音素）
| 用法 | 示例 |
| 泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类 | My mother bought me a book． |
| 用于首次提到的单数可数名词前 | I went to the shop and bought a watch． |
| 用于泛指人或物的身份或性质 | A teacher can influence many students． |
| 用于序数词前表示“又一，再一” | After reading the story, he wants to read a second time． |
| 用于替代弱化的one“一” | I have an umbrella． |
| 表示“每一”，相当于every | He goes to the shop three times a week． |
| 用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前 | He ate with a knife and fork． |
| 用于物质名词前，表示“一杯、一份、一阵”等 | What a heavy rain it was！ |
【拓展】常见的易混用不定冠词a和an的情况
| 易混类别 | 示例 |
| Aa | an actor, an apple, an artist, an amazing singer, an American writer, an astronaut |
| Ee | an egg, an eight-year-old girl, an exciting job, an eleven-year-old girl
【易错】a European country |
| i | an idea, an interesting story, an important part |
| o | an old man, an orange one, an outgoing girl
【易错】a one-month holiday |
| Uu | an umbrella, an unusual experience, an unhappy girl, an ugly man
【易错】a UFO, a unit, a university, a useless/useful suggestion, a usual trip |
| 英文字母前 | 26个英文字母中，前面用an的有：a， e， f， h， i， l， m， n， o， r， s， x
（口诀助记：Mr． Li has one fox） |
| 特别记 | an honest boy, an hour, an honor, a hero |
易混助记：
①在部分数词前要用an，主要有8，18，80，800，11等。如：
An 18-year-old girl finished the dance competition successfully．
一个18岁的女孩成功地完成了舞蹈比赛。
②In a university，a European and a one-eyed man walked with a useful tool． This is a usual thing． 在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具走着。这是一件平常之事。
③An hour ago，an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task． 一个小时以前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，然后去完成一项光荣的任务。
2．定冠词the的用法
| 用法 | 示例 |
| 特指说话双方都知道的人或物 | She went to the supermarket to buy some fruit． |
| 用在单数可数名词前表一类人或者事物 | The train goes faster than the bus． |
| 指上文提过的人或物 | There is a bed in the room． And the bed is mine． |
| 用在next， last， same， only等词前 | I’m the only child in my family． |
| 用在世界上独一无二的事物前 | The sun is shining brightly． |
| 用于序数词或形容词和副词最高级前 | He is the tallest boy in his class． |
| 用于江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛等名称之前 | the Pacific Ocean；the Yellow River；the Yangtze River |
| 用在乐器名称前 | She likes playing the piano． |
| 用于形容词前，表一类人或事物 | The young should help the old． |
| 用于姓氏复数前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇两人” | The Greens will go boating with us． |
| 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 | the Great Wall；the Summer Palace；the United States |
| 用在年代前 | in the 1980s |
【口诀助记】
3．零冠词的用法
| 用法 | 示例 |
| 表示泛指意义的物质名词、抽象名词前 | Money can’t buy you happiness． |
| 在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、棋类、学科等名词前 | have supper；play football；play chess；learn English |
| 不可数名词、复数名词前（泛指某类人或事物时） | Children like animals． |
| 在星期、月份、季节、西方节日前
（注意：我国含有“Festival”的传统节日前，要加定冠词the，如the Mid-Autumn Festival） |
on Friday；in March；in spring；Mother’s Day |
| 在称呼语、职位、头衔等名词前 | We made him manager of the company． |
| 人名、地名、街道名、城市名、州、省、机场以及大多数大学、公园等专有名词前 | Beijing Street；Baiyun Airport |
| 名词前已有this， that， my， your， some， any， every， each等限定词修饰时 | My pen is much more expensive than yours． |
| 与by连用的交通工具名词前 | by train， by bus |
【口诀助记】
|
No．1 定冠词的固定搭配
| 定冠词the的常用固定搭配 | ||
| at the same time同时 | at the moment此刻 | all the year round一年到头 |
| all the time一直 | at the age of．．．在．．．岁时 | at the beginning/end of．．．在．．．结束时 |
| in the end最后，终于 | in the daytime在白天 | by the way顺便问一下 |
| for the time being暂时 | go to the cinema去看电影 | go to the doctor’s去看医生 |
| in the public eye广为人知的 | in the habit of习惯于 | in the distance在远处 |
| in the way挡路 | on the whole总的来说 | make the most/best of充分利用 |
| on the right/left在右/左面 | the other day前几天 | on the radio/phone通过无线电/电话 |
| to tell (you) the truth说实话 | in the form of．．．以．．．．．．的形式 | on the spot在场；到场；立即；马上； |
| with the help of．．．在．．．．．．的帮助下 | the next day第二天 | not in the least (＝not at all)一点也不 |
| on the way to．．．在去．．．．．．的路上 | on the eve of．．．在．．．．．．的前夕 | in the habit of．．．有．．．．．．的习惯 |
| on the other hand．．．另一方面…… | on the whole总的来说 | to the point中肯，切题 |
No．2不定冠词的固定搭配
| 不定冠词的常用固定搭配 | ||
| at a loss困惑，不知所措 | as a result因此 | as a rule通常，照例 |
| as a matter of fact事实上 | after a while一会儿后 | at a distance离一段距离，从远处 |
| all of a sudden突然 | a waste of ．．． ……的浪费 | a matter of ．．． ……的问题 |
| a collection of一批…… | a knowledge of (＝know)知道 | an understanding of (＝understand)懂得 |
| a great many许多 | at a time每次 | as a whole总的来说 |
| after a while一会儿之后 | have a good time玩得高兴 | have a holiday度假 |
| have a cold患感冒 | have/take a rest休息一下 | have a gift for有……的天赋 |
| in a hurry匆忙地 | in a word总之 | on a diet节食 |
| in a moment立刻 | in a sense在某种意义上 | have a population of有……人口 |
| for a while暂时，一时 | go on a diet节食 | have a history of有……的历史 |
| get a lift/ride搭便车 | make/earn a living谋生 | once in a while偶尔 |
| once upon a time从前 | make an effort 努力 | make an apology道歉 |
| have a good time过得愉快 | have a word with．．．与．．．．．．交谈 | take an interest in．．．对．．．．．．感兴趣 |
…………
参考答案
一、单项选择
1． B
【详解】句意：我们将在故宫博物院外见面，在国庆节那天，并一起参观它。考查冠词用法。节日如“National Day”属于专有名词，其前应使用零冠词，故选B。
2． B
【详解】句意：民间音乐有浓郁的地方色彩。民间音乐会的门票今天有一个特别优惠。考查冠词用法。a“一个”，表示泛指，用于发音以辅音音素开头的单词之前；an“一个”，表示泛指，用于发音以元音音素开头的单词之前；the“那个”，表示特指。第一空，“local colour” (地方色彩) 为抽象名词，表示一般概念时，使用零冠词；第二空，“special offer” (特别优惠) 为可数名词单数，表示泛指“一个”，需用不定冠词“a”。故选B。
…………
不错
很有用
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