2025-2026学年八年级上学期英语语法精品讲义+语法专练
Unit4 Hands-on fun《祈使句和should had better》精品讲义
祈使句用法
1． Do型（即：动词原形+宾语+其他成分）
Please have a seat here． 请这边坐。
有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。
This way, please．=Go this way, please． 请这边走。
2． Be型（即：Be+表语（名词或形容词）+其它成分）
Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子！
3． Let型（即：Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分）
Let me help you． 让我来帮你。
否定结构：Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don’t。
Don’t forge me! 不要忘记我！Don’t be late for school! 上学不要迟到!
Let型的否定式有两种：
（Don’t +Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分）Don’t let him go． 别让他走。
（Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分）Let him not go． 别让他走。
4． NO开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
No smoking!禁止吸烟
No fishing!禁止钓鱼
No parking!禁止停车
5． 祈使句+ or/and+简单句=if引导的条件状语从句
Hurry up, or we will miss the train．= If we don’t hurry up, we will miss the train．
二、 should的用法：
should 意为“应该” ,可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。
如：We should protect the environment． 我们应该保护环境。
had better的用法：
had better do sth最好做某事，一般用在肯定句。如：You’d better get some sleep． 你最好睡一会儿
不用于疑问句。否定式：had better not do sth．
如：You’d better not waste any more of your time． 你最好不要再浪费时间了。
语法过关测试
一、单项选择（每小题1分，共50分）
1．Let’s ________ the Da Li this Sunday．
A．go B．to go C．going D．go to
2．Ben, ________ off the tap while brushing your teeth．
A．turn B．turns C．turning D．turned
3．Growing up is not easy． ________ calm when you’re facing serious problems in life．
A．Staying B．To stay C．Stay D．Stays
4．—Attention, please! ________ inside because of the heavy rain．
—We will, Mr Li．
A．To stay B．Stay C．Staying D．Stays
5．“________ to put back the newspaper when you finish it．” the librarian said．
A．Remember B．Remembered C．Remembering
6．In order to save electricity, ________ the fan when you leave the room．
A．put on B．turn on C．turn off D．take off
7．Jenny, ________ out the form please． You are allowed to join the sports club．
A．fills B．fill C．will fill D．filled
8．—John, _________ the classroom right now． It’s too dirty． —OK．
A．clean B．to clean C．cleaning D．not clean
9．—John, ________ up now or we’ll be late for the bus．
—All right． I’ll be quick．
A．gets B．get C．to get D．getting
10．—_________ the meat and lettuce into the pan, Emma．
—OK, Mom．
A．Putting B．Put C．Puts D．To put
11．________ tea with me after work today, please． I have something important to tell you．
A．Drinking B．Drink C．To drink D．Drank
12．________ quiet, Peter． Your mother is writing a report．
A．Keep B．To keep C．Keeping D．Keeps
13．Please _________ hard and you’ll get good grades in this exam．
A．study B．to study C．studying D．studied
14．______ the building quickly when the ground stops shaking in the earthquake．
A．Leave B．To leave C．Leaving D．Leaves
15．—Jim, ________ read books while you are walking on the street． It’s very dangerous．
—OK, thank you．
A．don’t B．doesn’t C．won’t D．can’t
16．Your teachers are all friendly and helpful． Don’t ________ afraid of ________ close to them．
A．/; be B．/; being C．be; being D．be; be
17．—Let’s sing an English song here．
—________ that． The kids are sleeping． Please keep quiet．
A．Do B．Don’t do C．Doing D．Does
18．__________ the animals food． It’s not good for them．
A．Not feed B．Don’t feed C．Feeding D．Feed
19．I like Mr． Li best because he often says “Never ________, ________ you’ll do better．”
A．give up; but B．giving up; so C．to give up; and D．give up; and
20．No ______ loudly in the museum! Please be quiet．
A．talk B．talking C．talks D．talked
21．Use a glass cup． ________ use a paper cup when you drink water．
A．Not B．Let’s C．No D．Don’t
22．________ in the library． It’s a place for reading．
A．Don’t talk B．Not talk C．Not talking D．Talk not
23．________ on the grass． The sign says “keep off”．
A．Not walk B．Don’t walk C．Doesn’t walk D．Not walking
24．________ late for class again, Lily．
A．Be B．Can’t C．Don’t be D．Don’t
25．Take off the wet clothes, ________ you’ll catch a cold．
A．or B．so C．and D．but
26．Jenny, eat less rich food, ________ you’ll be healthier．
A．but B．and C．or
27．________ into the rock circle, and you can feel the energy from your feet move up your body．
A．To walk B．Walking C．Walk
28．Jacky, please hurry up, ________ you’ll be late for the first train．
A．and B．but C．or D．so
29．Don’t drive so fast, ________ you might have an accident．
A．or B．and C．but D．for
30．________ a self-driving car where you want to go, and it will take you there．
A．Tell B．Tells C．Told D．To tell
31．Be more careful, _________ you will make fewer mistakes．
A．so B．but C．and D．or
32．My mother often tells me, “Make some friends, ________ you’ll be lonely．”
A．but B．and C．so D．or
33．Listen carefully in class, ________ you will have no problem with your study．
A．or B．but C．and D．because
34．— My goal is to go to the Tiangong Space Station as an astronaut．
—Work hard,________ you will make it．
A．and B．so C．if D．unless
35．________ exercise every day, and you’ll stay healthy and energetic．
A．To do B．Doing C．Do D．Done
36．________ less time on the phone at night, or you will find it hard to fall asleep．
A．Spend B．Spending C．To spend
37．—Have breakfast, ________ it’s easy to feel sleepy and find it difficult to focus on studies．
—All right．
A．or B．but C．if D．and
38．—I’m not feeling well, Dr． Green． My stomach aches a lot．
—You _________ take some medicine and lie down for a rest．
A．should B．can C．shouldn’t D．can’t
39．Instructions are important． You ________ begin your work without reading them．
A．must B．may C．should not D．needn’t
40．—How was the youth club last night, Mike?
—It was great fun． You ________ come．
A．must B．can C．should D．may
41．To keep healthy, we ________ eat less junk food and take more exercise．
A．can’t B．should C．mustn’t D．might
42．Time is valuable． We ________ use it well and never waste it．
A．might B．should C．can’t D．mustn’t
43．—I have a fever． What ________ I do?
—See a doctor．
A．should B．could C．would
44．—I’ve got a toothache, Mom．
—Oh, you ________ eat too much candy．
A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．should D．need
45．—What is the story you read just now about?
—We ______ judge (判断) people by their looks because their true beauty starts on the inside．
A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．must D．can
46．— I really like this video game, mum． Why must I stop playing it?
— For your health, my dear． You ________ go out to take in fresh air and relax your eyes．
A．could B．couldn’t C．should D．shouldn’t
47．—It is raining outside． You’d better ________ out．
—OK, Mum．
A．go B．not to go C．not go D．goes
48．Ann, wait a moment． It’s so cold outside． You’d better ________ a coat．
A．get B．bring C．take D．to take
49．The alarm went off． You’d better ________ up and go to school．
A．got B．get C．to get D．getting
50．—We are free this evening． Shall we go out for a walk?
—It’s foggy． We’d better ________． Why ________ a film at home?
A．not walk; not watch B．not to walk; not to watch
C．not to walk; not watch D．not walk; not to watch
二、单词拼写（每小题1分，共10分）
51．Take a smartphone with you when travelling, or you ________ (lose) your way in a strange place．
52．________ (cover) the meat with a layer of cheese．
53．________ (carry) on with your research, and you may get closer to the truth．
54．________ (call) me if you ________ (have) any problems．
55．________ (mix) blue and yellow and then you will get green．
56．________ (not waste) water． It’s precious．
57．________ (bring) the passport with you, or you can’t check in at the airport．
58．Tom, ________ (not forget) to take a coat with you． It’s getting cold．
59．Daniel, ________ (not look) out of the windows in class．
60．Don’t swim here． The sign says “No ________ (swim)”．
…………
参考答案
1． D
【详解】句意：这个星期天让我们去大理吧。
考查非谓语动词。句中Let’s是Let us的缩写，let是使役动词，let sb． do sth．“让某人做某事”，go to sp．“去某地”。故选D。
2． A
【详解】句意：本，刷牙的时候关掉水龙头。
考查祈使句。根据“off the tap while brushing your teeth．”可知，该句为祈使句，祈使句通常以动词原形开头。故选A。
…………
不错
很有用
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