2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元知识清单
Unit 3《Sound Body, Sound Mind》
| 单词 | 1.cough /kɒf/n. 咳嗽
2.fever /ˈfiːvə(r)/n. 发烧 3.sore /sɔː(r)/adj.(发炎)疼痛的;酸痛的 4.throat /θrəʊt/n. 咽喉;喉咙 5.temperature /ˈtemprətʃə(r)/n. 体温;温度 6.medicine /ˈmedsn/n. 药,药物;医学 7.slim /slIm/adj. 苗条的 8.diet /ˈdaIət/n. 日常饮食 9.screen /skriːn/n. 屏幕;荧屏 10.sugar /ˈʃʊgə(r)/n. 糖;食糖 11.ache /eIk/n.(身体某部位的)疼痛 12.hamburger /ˈhæmbɜːgə(r)/n. 汉堡包 13.chip /tʃIp/n. 炸薯条 14.pork /pɔːk/n. 猪肉 15.pepper /ˈpepə(r)/n. 胡椒粉 16.pill /pIl/n. 药丸;药片 17.shy /ʃaI/adj. 羞怯的;腼腆的 18.snack /snæk/n. 点心;小吃;快餐 19.chocolate /ˈtʃɒklət/n. 巧克力 20.cookie /ˈkʊki/n. 曲奇饼 21.ice cream /ˈaIskriːm/n. 冰激凌 22.lazy /ˈleIzi/adj. 懒惰的;懒散的 23.condition /kənˈdIʃn/n. 健康状况;状态 24.diary /ˈdaIəri/n. 日记;日记簿 25.positive /ˈpɒzətIv/adj. 积极乐观的;正面的 26.benefit /ˈbenIfIt/n. 益处;优势 27.volleyball /ˈvɒlibɔːl/n. 排球运动 28.energy /ˈenədʒi/n. 精力;能源;能量 29.glad /ɡlæd/adj. 高兴;愉快 30.absent /ˈæbsənt/adj. 缺席;不在 |
31.moment /ˈməʊmənt/n. 片刻;瞬间
32.seem /siːm/v. 好像,似乎 33.empty /ˈempti/adj. 空的;无意义的 34.stomach /ˈstʌmək/n. 胃 35.worse /wɜːs/adj. 更差的;更糟的;更坏的 36.fridge /frIdʒ/n. 冰箱(=refrigerator /rIˈfrIdʒəreItə(r)/) 37.weight /weIt/n. 重量 38.potato /pəˈteItəʊ/n. 马铃薯;土豆 39.corn /kɔːn/n. 玉米;(小麦等)谷物 40.candy /ˈkændi/n. 糖果;巧克力 41.biscuit /ˈbIskIt/n. 饼干 42.beef /biːf/n. 牛肉 43.cucumber /ˈkjuːkʌmbə(r)/n. 黄瓜 44.prefer /prIˈfɜː(r)/v. 较喜欢 45.bean /biːn/n. 豆;豆荚 46.though /ðəʊ/conj. 虽然;尽管;即使 47.method /ˈmeθəd/n. 方法;办法;措施 48.focus /ˈfəʊkəs/v. 集中(注意力、精力等)n. 中心点;关注 49.smell /smel/n. 气味;嗅觉 50.serve /sɜːv/v. 端上;接待;服务 51.hobby /ˈhɒbi/n. 业余爱好 52.hurry /ˈhʌri/n. 匆忙;急忙 v. 匆忙,急忙(做某事) 53.mad /mæd/adj. 很生气;气愤 54.fit /fIt/adj. 健壮的;健康的 55.spread /spred/v. & n. 传播;散布 |
| 短语 | 1.量体温 take one’s temperature
2.失声;嗓子哑 lose one’s voice 3.熬夜 stay up late 4.发烧 have a fever 5.远离…… stay/keep away from 6.一点也不;根本不 not...at all 7.服药 take some pills 8.一来,一方面 for one thing 9.另一方面 for another 10.做某事的好方法 a good way to do sth. 11.做运动 do some exercise 12.立刻;马上 right away 13.写日志 keep a diary 14.在某人看来 in one’s opinion 15.心情愉快 in a good mood |
16.与某人交流 communicate with sb.
17.确保做某事 make sure to do sth. 18.偶然发现;偶然遇见 come across 19.过幸福的生活 live a happy life 20.度过;通过 get through 21.偶然;巧合 by chance 22.对…… 有害 be bad for 23.更糟糕的是 what’s worse 24.摆脱 get rid of 25.减肥 lose weight 26.另一方面 on the other hand 27.专注于 focus on 28.开始从事;占用 take up 29.保持健康 stay/keep fit |
| 句型 | 1.What’s wrong with you?(你怎么了?)
2.I just took my temperature.(我刚量了体温。) 3.I have a fever.(我发烧了。) 4.I’m sorry to hear that. You need to see a doctor.(听到这个消息我很抱歉。你需要去看医生。) 5.I feel very sick and have a stomachache.(我感觉很不舒服,而且肚子疼。) 6.When did you feel the ache?(你什么时候开始疼的?) 7.You ate too much junk food, especially hot pepper and iced Coke.(你吃了太多垃圾食品,尤其是辣椒和冰可乐。) 8.It is not healthy at all.(它一点也不健康。) 9.You need to take a rest and take some pills.(你需要休息并吃些药。) 10.He became a nonsmoker in order to keep healthy.(为了保持健康,他成了一名不吸烟的人。) 11.Hamburgers may taste delicious, but it is unhealthy to eat too many of them.(汉堡包可能尝起来很美味,但吃太多是不健康的。) 12.It is impossible to keep healthy without good living habits.(没有良好的生活习惯,保持健康是不可能的。) 13.I need to get some sleep now.(我现在需要睡一会儿。) 14.You needn’t stay up. You need to take care of yourself.(你不必熬夜。你需要照顾好自己。) 15.Exercise is good for us in many ways.(运动在很多方面对我们有好处。) 16.You need to start slowly with a warmup, and then move on step by step.(你需要从缓慢的热身开始,然后逐步进行。) 17.Staying positive has amazing benefits.(保持积极心态有惊人的好处。) 18.We both live healthy lifestyles.(我们俩都过着健康的生活方式。) 19.Parkrun started in 2004 when a group of friends wanted to have a running event in London, England.(“公园跑” 始于 2004 年,当时一群朋友想在英国伦敦举办一场跑步活动。) 20.Our lifestyles help us stay strong and feel happy.(我们的生活方式帮助我们保持强壮,感到快乐。) |
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| 语法 | 1. Prefixes non- ,dis- ,un- ,mis- ,in-, and im-
2. needtodo/don’tneedtodo/needn’tdo |
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| 语音 | 1. Assimilation&Liaison 同化与连读 | |
一、知识点清单
知识点1. What’s wrong with you? I just took my temperature. I have a fever.(你怎么了?我刚量了体温。我发烧了。)(P38)
讲:①“What’s wrong with you?” 是询问他人身体不适或遇到问题的核心特殊疑问句,句型为 “What’s wrong with + 宾语(sb./sth.)?”,“wrong” 为形容词,表 “有毛病的、不适的”;
②“take my temperature” 是固定短语,“take” 表 “进行(动作)”,“temperature” 为不可数名词,“my” 需根据主语替换为 “your/his/her” 等形容词性物主代词;
③“have a fever” 是 “患发烧” 的固定搭配,“have + a + 疾病名称” 是英语表达 “患病” 的常用结构(如 “have a headache”“have a toothache”),“fever” 为可数名词,此处用单数。
例句:What’s wrong with your sister? She took her temperature and said she had a fever.(你妹妹怎么了?她量了体温,说自己发烧了。)
拓展:同义问句还有 “What’s the matter with you?”和 “What’s the trouble with you?”;
若询问 “某物出问题”,可将 “you” 替换为 “sth.”,如 “What’s wrong with the thermometer?”(体温计怎么了?)。
知识点2. I have a bad cough. I need to take some cough medicine.(我咳嗽得很严重。我需要吃些咳嗽药。)(P38)
讲:①“have a bad cough” 中,“bad” 为形容词,修饰 “cough”(名词,表 “咳嗽”),“bad cough” 意为 “严重的咳嗽”;
②“need to take” 中,“need to do sth.” 是实义动词用法,表 “需要做某事”,“take” 此处表 “服用(药物)”,是 “吃药” 的固定动词(不可说 “eat medicine”);
③“cough medicine” 是名词短语,表 “治疗咳嗽的药”,“medicine” 为不可数名词,“some” 修饰不可数名词表 “一些”。
例句:He has a bad cough, so he needs to take some cough medicine and drink more water.(他咳嗽得很严重,所以需要吃些咳嗽药,多喝些水。)
辨析:“take medicine”“have medicine” 均表 “吃药”,可互换;但 “take” 更常用,且 “take + 具体药物名称” 时需加 “the”,如 “take the cough medicine”(吃这种咳嗽药),而 “some cough medicine” 中 “some” 后不加 “the”。
知识点3. Wang Junfeng spends too much time on phone games.(王俊峰花太多时间玩手机游戏。)(P39)
讲:①“spends too much time on phone games” 是 “spend + 时间 + on sth.” 的固定结构,“spend” 表 “花费(时间 / 金钱)”,主语必须是人,时态为一般现在时,主语 “Wang Junfeng” 是第三人称单数,故 “spend” 用 “spends”;
②“too much” 是限定词,表 “太多”,仅修饰不可数名词(如 “time”“money”),区别于 “too many”(修饰可数名词复数);
例句:My brother spends too much time on computer games, so he doesn’t have time to do homework.(我弟弟花太多时间玩电脑游戏,所以没时间做作业。)
拓展:“spend”“cost”“take”“pay” 均表 “花费”,区别如下:
①“spend” 主语是人,搭配 “spend on sth./(in) doing sth.”;
②“cost” 主语是物,搭配 “sth. cost sb. money”;
③“take” 主语是 “it”,搭配 “It takes sb. time to do sth.”;
④“pay” 主语是人,搭配 “pay for sth.”。
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